Vhf Model

Harris M7100 VHF radio; what type of RF connector is used?

I’m needing to purchase an antenna for a mobile radio that i have; a Macom/ Harris M7100 model. It’s a VHF radio, and I am not sure what type of antenna connector I need. I’m pretty sure it’s either an N-Type connector or a BNC connector, but I’m not sure. Any help is appreciated.

Diagrams of connectors:
N :
http://www.saunalahti.fi/elepal/A12330_1.jpg

BNC:
http://www.eidusa.com/Web_pictures_2/HIGH_INPEDANCE_BNC_Panel_01.jpg

Others:
http://www.pasternack.com/pdf/catalog/ConnectorIdentifier.pdf

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The propagation of radio waves can be categorized as LOS (line of sight) and LOS modes not. LOS is direct point to point spread unimpeded between them. Non-LOS propagation is indirect in the absence of the LOS path, which consists of diffraction, reflection and scattering. In the HF band (3 to 30 MHz), the spread wave is mainly through space for long distance communications. VHF and UHF (30 MHz – 3 GHz) waves travel for rebounds and spread of land. SHF (3 to 30 GHz) used strictly LOS wave propagation.

The objective of the propagation modeling is to determine the likelihood of a satisfactory performance target = "_new"> wireless system that depends on the propagation of radio waves. Planning RF systems, modeling of propagation is to effects analysis of RF coverage. This analysis uses the propagation model and data land to predict the RF coverage area of a transmitter, the signal strength received at the end of a wireless connection, the loss on the way from transmitter to receiver distance, the angle of inclination of the transmitter antenna, the minimum antenna height to set the line of communication path sight and channel degradation such as delay spread due to multi-path fading.

Propagation models for different applications, environments and land have been developed by the U.S. government, private organizations and the body as an international standard Telecommunications Union (ITU). These models are based on large numbers empirical data collected for the purpose of characterizing the spread of that application. Since propagation models are created using statistical methods, a model one that will suit any particular application. It's a good idea to hire two or more independent models and use the results as the limits on performance expected. The following is a list of the most used around the propagation models of the earth.

Longley-Rice
The Longley-Rice model predicts long-term average transmission loss over irregular terrain. It is designed for frequency of 20 MHz to 20 GHz and length of Route 1 to 2000 km. The model gives account of terrain, climate, subsurface conditions and the curvature of the ground. Longley-Rice model has two modes, point to point and area. The point to point mode uses data on site details and features to predict the loss in transit, while the mode-use area of general information about the characteristics of field to predict the path loss.

Okumura
Okumura's model is based on measurements taken in Tokyo in 1960, between the 200 to 1920 Mhz. The measured values are used to determine the mean-field intensity and number of correction factors. The correction factors include adjustment to the degree urbanization, terrain, roughness height from the base station antenna, antenna height and mobile localized obstruction. Okumura's model is particularly applicable in urban areas for the calculation of the overall coverage in numerous obstacles and existing buildings.

Cost 231
The cost model 231, also called the PCS Hata model extension, is used in most commercial RF planning tools for mobile telephony. Covering the costs of the model 231 is the frequency between 1500 to 2000 MHz, transmitter effective antenna height of 30 to 200 m, height of receiver antenna effective from 1 to 10 m from the link and from 1 to 20 km. The cost of the model 231 are limited to the application where the base station antenna is above the adjacent roofs.

Egli
The Egli model is a simplified model based on empirical match the measured data to the mathematical formula. The ease of application makes it a popular choice for use in the first analysis. Rolling soft supposed height of the hill about 50 feet and no terrain elevation data from transmitter and receiver is necessary for the model. The loss in transit mean conforms to the height of transmitting and receiving antenna on the ground. The model consists of a single equation for propagation loss.

ITU
ITU terrain model is based on the theory of diffraction provides a method for predict the path loss means. The model predicts the path loss according to the block level map and the first Fresnel zone for the transmission link. The model is ideal for modeling link line of sight in any field and is good for any frequency and path length. The model accounts for obstructions in the through the communication link, so it is suitable for use both within cities and open fields. The model is considered valid for losses above 15 dB.

About the Author:

Paul Ngai is an engineering consultant specialized in Telecommunications Network and Systems. He is also the principal of Network Systems Technologies LLC (http://www.nstecs.net), a telecommunications consulting firm provides planning, analysis, design, testing and operation support services.

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Radio Wave Propagation Models Used in RF Coverage Analysis