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Chronology of the discoveries States

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1831 Discovery of chloroform
Chloroform is a chemical known as trihalomethanes that does not undergo combustion in air, but burns when mixed with more flammable substances. Chloroform was discovered in July 1831 by the doctor U.S. Samuel Guthrie, irrespective few months later by the French chemist Eugne Soubeiran and then by the German chemist Justus von Liebig.
Discovery 1859 Vaseline
Petroleum jelly, Vaseline or soft paraffin is a semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons originally promoted as a topical ointment for its healing properties. The raw material of petroleum was discovered in 1859 by Robert Chesebrough, a chemist from New York. In 1870, this product was listed as Vaseline petroleum jelly.
Discovery 1873 the chemical potential
In thermodynamics, physics and chemistry, chemical potential, whose symbol is a term introduced by the American engineer, chemical and mathematical physicist Josiah Gibbs in 1873 his role as a method of geometric representation of the thermodynamics properties of substances through Surfaces.
Deimos Discovery 1877
Deimos is the smallest external and two moons of Mars. It was discovered by Asaph Hall in 1877.
Discovery 1877 Phobos
Phobos is the larger and closer of the two small moons of Mars. It was discovered by Asaph Hall in 1877.
1891 Discovery of Amalthea
Amalthea is the third Jupiter's moon, in order of distance from the planet. It was discovered on September 9, 1892, by Edward Emerson Barnard.
Phoebe Discovery 1899
Phoebe is a satellite Saturn's irregular. It was discovered by William Henry Pickering March 17, 1899 photographic plates that have been taken from August 16, 1898 in Arequipa, Peru by DeLisle Stewart.
1908 Discovery of Seyfert galaxies
Seyfert galaxies are a class of galaxies with nuclei that produce spectral line emission of high gas ionized, named Carl Keenan Seyfert, the astronomer who first identified the class in 1943, although they were first discovered by Edward A. Fath in 1908 while at the Lick Observatory.
1910 Discovery LP
Propane is a three-carbon alkane, normally a gas, but compressible to a liquid transportable. It is derived from other petroleum products during the processing of oil or natural gas. It is commonly used as fuel for engines, barbecues, stoves portable, central heating and residential. Propane was identified as a volatile component of gasoline by Dr. Walter O. Snelling of the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1910.
1912 Discovery of the smoking-cancer relationship
Dr. Isaac Adler was the first to strongly suggest that lung cancer is related to consumption snuff in 1912.
1914 Discovery of Sinope
Sinope is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Lick Observatory in 1914.
Zener diode 1915 Discovery
A Zener diode is a type of diode that allows current in the forward direction like a normal diode, but also in the direction contrary if the voltage is greater than the breakdown voltage known as Zener knee voltage "or" Zener voltage ". The device named for Clarence Zener, who discovered this electrical property.
1916 Discovery of the covalent bond
The idea of covalent bonding can be traced back several years to Gilbert N. Lewis, who in 1916 described the distribution of pairs of electrons between atoms. He introduced the so called Lewis notation or electron notation points o Lewis dot structure in which the valence electrons are represented as dots around the atomic symbols.
Discovery of heparin 1916
Heparin, highly sulfated a glycosaminoglycan, is widely used as an injectable anticoagulant and has the highest negative charge density of any biological molecule known. It can also be used to form an internal surface in several experimental anticoagulant and medical devices such as test tubes and dialysis machines impairment. It was discovered by Jay McLean and William Henry Howell in 1916.
1917 Discovery of vitamin A
Vitamin A, a molecule with covalent bonds formed bipolar bipolar between carbon and hydrogen, is linked to a family of similarly shaped molecules, retinoids, which complete the rest of the vitamin sequence. Its important part is retinyl group, which can be found in various forms. In foods of animal origin, the main form of vitamin A is an ester, primarily retinyl palmitate, which is converted to an alcohol in the small intestine. Vitamin A can also exist as an aldehyde, or acid. The discovery of vitamin A came from the research dates back to 1906, suggesting that factors other than carbohydrates, proteins and fats are necessary to keep cattle healthy. In 1917 one of these substances were discovered independently by Elmer McCollum at the University of Wisconsinadison, Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne at the University of Yale.
1925 Discovery of Cepheid variables
extragalactic astronomy is the branch of astronomy concerned with objects outside the Milky Way. In other words, is the study of all astronomical objects that are not covered by galactic astronomy. It was started by Edwin Hubble when, in 1925, discovered the existence of Cepheid variables in the Andromeda galaxy. This discovery showed the existence of a galaxy a million light years away and therefore extragalactic astronomy has been created.
Discovery 1930 Pluto
After the discovery of the planet Neptune in 1846, there was much speculation that there might be another planet beyond its orbit. Search began in the mid-19th century, but culminated in the early 20th century with a search for Planet X. Percival Lowell proposed the Planet X hypothesis to explain the discrepancies apparent in the orbits of gas giants, particularly Uranus and Neptune, speculating that the gravity of an unseen planet could have perturbed Uranus large enough to to account for irregularities. The discovery of Pluto by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930 initially appeared to validate hypothesis Lowell, and Pluto was considered the ninth planet until 2006.
1931 Discovery of heavy hydrogen
Hydrogen is a stable heavy isotope of hydrogen with a natural abundance in the oceans Land around a hydrogen atom in 6500 (~ 154 PPM). It was first predicted in 1926 by Walter Russell and later discovered in 1931 by Harold Urey.
1931 discovery of cosmic radio waves
Radio astronomy is a branch of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies. While trying of locating a source of electrical interference on telephone transmissions, Karl Guthe Jansky at Bell Telephone Laboratories discovered radio waves from stars in outer space during the investigation static that interfered with the transmission of short wave transatlantic voice. Thus, the field of radio astronomy born.
1932 Discovery of the positron
The existence of positrons was first postulated in 1928 by Paul Dirac as a consequence of the Dirac equation and then discovered in 1932 by Carl D. Anderson, who gave the positron its name.
1932 Discovery of the homeostasis
Homeostasis is the property of a system, either open or closed, which regulates its internal environment to maintain a stable and constant condition. It was the first proposed and coined by Walter Bradford Cannon, a former professor and chairman Department of Physiology, Harvard Medical School, and popularized in his book The Wisdom of the Body.
1933 Discovery of heavy water
Harold Urey discovered the isotope deuterium in 1931 and later was able to concentrate on the water. Urey mentor Gilbert Newton Lewis isolated the first sample of pure heavy water by electrolysis in 1933.
1933 Discovery of polyvinylidene chloride
polyvinylidene chloride is a polymer derived from vinylidene chloride. Their use can be found in the base coating water, production of household goods and industrial products. Ralph Wiley, an employee of Dow Chemical lab, accidentally discovered polyvinylidene chloride in 1933.
1936 The discovery of elliptical galaxies
An elliptical galaxy is a galaxy with an approximately elliptical profile and a smooth, bright almost distinctive features. They range in shape from nearly spherical to very flattened and size of hundreds of millions to over a billion stars. It was originally described by Edwin Hubble in 1936 his work that he realm of nebulae
1936 The discovery of the muon
The muon is an elementary particle like the electron, loaded negative electrical and around 12. It was discovered by Carl D. Henry Anderson and Seth Neddermeyer in 1936 while studying cosmic radiation.
Discovery 1936 Vitamin E
Tocopherol, a class of chemical compounds of which many have vitamin E activity, describes a series of organic compounds consisting of several methylated phenols. In feeding experiments with rats Herbert McLean Evans concluded in 1922 that in addition to vitamins B and C, a vitamin known existed. Despite all other nutrition was present, the rats were not fertile. This condition can be modified by additional feeding of wheat germ. It took several years to 1936 when the substance was isolated from wheat germ, and the formula C29H50O2 was determined by Herbert McLean Evans and KS Bishop. The structure was determined soon after in 1938.
1936 Discovery of sodium thiopental
Sodium thiopental, better known as sodium pentothal, sodium thiopental, or trapanal, is a rapid onset of barbiturates short acting. It was discovered in the early 1936 by Ernest H. Volwiler and Donalee L. Tabern while working for Abbott Laboratories.
1937 Discovery of niacin
Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water soluble vitamin that prevents the deficiency disease pellagra. Niacin was extracted from livers by Conrad Elvehjem later discovered the active ingredient, then referred to as the "pellagra-preventing factor" and "anti-blacktongue factor."
1937 Discovery of K-electron capture
electron capture is a decay mode for isotopes that occur when too many protons in the nucleus of an atom and insufficient energy to emit a positron. However, it remains a mode of decay of radioactive isotopes that can decay viable emission tomography. K-electron capture was discovered by Luis Alvarez, who demonstrated in 1937 and reported in The Physical Review in April 1938.
Discovery 1938 fluropolymers
A fluoropolymer is a fluorocarbon based polymer with multiple links carbonluorine strong. It is characterized by a high resistance to solvents, acids and bases. Fluoropolymers were discovered in 1938 by Dr. Roy Plunkett when he accidentally polymerised tetrafluoroethylene to form polytetrafluoroethylene.
Discovery 1938 Animal echolocation
Echolocation, also called biosonar, is the biological sonar used by several animals such as dolphins, shrews, bats and whales. The term was coined by Donald Griffin and Robert Galambos, who discovered its use by bats in 1938.
Discovery 1938 Carme
Carme is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.
1938 Discovery Lysithea
Lysithea is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson in 1938 at the Mount Wilson Observatory.
1943 Discovery of Streptomycin
Streptomycin is an antibiotic, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first remedy for tuberculosis with antibiotics. Streptomycin can not be administered orally, and to be administered by intramuscular injection regularly. In 1943, Albert Schatz discovered streptomycin.
Discovery of Promethium 1945
Prometheus is a chemical element whose existence was first predicted by Bohuslav Brauner in 1902. It was first produced time and demonstrated the existence in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell by separation and analysis of products fission of uranium fuel irradiated in the graphite reactor.
1948 Discovery of warfarin
Warfarin is an anticoagulant and pesticides. It was initially used as a pesticide, but was later found to be effective and relatively safe to prevent thrombosis and embolism in many disorders and is currently the most widely used the world anticoagulant. It was discovered by Karl Paul Link and chemists at the University of Wisconsinadison.
1948 Miranda Discovery
Miranda is the smallest and more intimate than five large moons of Uranus. It was discovered by Gerard Kuiper February 2, 1948 at McDonald Observatory.
1948 Discovery of serotonin
Seratonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract of animals including humans. Was isolated and named in 1948 by Maurice M. Rapport, Arda Green, and Irvine Page at the Cleveland Clinic.
1948 Discovery of tetracycline
The Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic indicated for use against many bacterial infections. It is commonly used to treat acne today, and played a historic role in the elimination of cholera in the developed world. It was discovered by Benjamin Minge Duggar in 1948.
Nereida Discovery 1949
Nereida also known as Neptune II, is a moon of Neptune. Nereid was discovered on May 1, 1949 by Gerard P. Kuiper, who proposed the name in the report of its discovery. Named after the Nereids, sea nymphs of Greek mythology.
1951 Discovery of the barium stars
Barium stars are giants in Class G K, whose spectra show an excess of s-process elements by the presence of separate ionized barium, Ba II, at 455.4 nm. Barium stars also show a greater spectral characteristics of carbon bands of the molecules CH, CN and C2. The class was originally, and defined by William Keenan Bidelman and Philip.
Discovery 1951 Ananke
Ananke is an irregular satellite Jupiter retrograde. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in 1951.
1952 discovery of rapid eye movement
Fast eye movement (REM) is a normal stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements. REM sleep is classified into two categories: tonic and phasic. The phenomenon of REM sleep and its association with sleep was discovered by Nathaniel Kleitman and Eugene Aserinsky with the help of William C. Dement, a medical student at the time, in 1952 during his tenure at the University of Chicago. Kleitmann and Aserinsky seminal article was published September 10, 1953.
1953 Discovery of DNA structure
In 1953, images from X-ray diffraction and the information that the bases were paired, James D. Watson, with Francis Crick discovered what is now widely accepted as the first accurate model of the double helix structure of DNA.
1955 The discovery of the antiproton
The antiproton is the antiparticle of the proton. It was discovered by the University of California, Berkeley physicists Ypsilantis Thomas, Emilio Segre, Clyde Wiegand and Owen Chamberlain in 1955.
1956 discovery of porous silicon
The porous silicon (PSI) is a form of chemical element silicon which has introduced a nanoporous holes in its microstructure, which makes a large area in relation to 500m2/cm3 order volume. It was first discovered by accident in 1956 at Bell Laboratories Arthur Uhlir, Jr. and Ingeborg Uhlir.
1956 The discovery of the kaon
A kaon is any of a group of four mesons distinguished by the fact that they carry a quantum number called strangeness. It was first discovered by Leon Lederman and a group of scientists from Columbia University in the Brookhaven National Laboratory.
1956 The discovery of antineutron
The antiparticle is antineutron the neutron. A antineutron has the same mass as a neutron, and no net electrical charge. However, it is different from a neutron by being composed of antiquarks in instead of quarks. It was discovered by Bruce Cork, William Wenzell, Glenn Lambertson and Oreste Piccioni in 1956.
1956 The discovery of neutrino
Neutrinos are elementary particles traveling at speeds approaching that of light, lack an electric charge, are able to pass through ordinary matter almost undisturbed and are therefore very difficult detect. The neutrino was first postulated by Wolfgang Pauli in 1930 and later discovered in 1956 by Clyde Cowan, Frederick Reines, FB Harrison, HW Kruse and AD McGuire.
1956 Discovery of nucleic acid hybridization
Hybridization, discovered by Alexander Rich and David R. Davies in 1956, is the process of combining complementary single-stranded nucleic acids in one molecule.
1958 The discovery of the Van Allen radiation belt
The radiation belt Van Allen is a torus of energetic charged particles around Earth, held in place by the Earth's magnetic field. On the side of the sun, is compressed due to wind solar and the other hand, is elongated around three Earth radii. This creates a cavity called the Chapman Ferraro Cavity, in which Van Allen radiation belts reside. The existence the band was confirmed by Explorer 1 and Explorer 3 missions in early 1958, under Dr. James Van Allen at the University of Iowa
1959 Discovery of antiprotons
The antiproton is the antiparticle of the proton. It was discovered in 1955 by the University of California, Berkeley physicists Owen Chamberlain and Emilio Segre for which he won the 1959 Nobel Physics.
1960 Discovery of seafloor spreading
Seafloor spreading occurs at ocean ridges, where it forms new oceanic crust through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge. Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics. It was first proposed by Harry Hammond Hess and Robert Sinclair Dietz in 1960.
1961 The discovery of the eta meson
The inn eta meson is made of a mixture of up quarks, down quarks, strange quark, quarks and antiquarks. It was discovered by a team from the University of California, Using the Berkeley Bevatron.
1964 Discovery of the baryons xi
In particle physics, subatomic particles (Xi) is a name given to a series of baryons with one up or down quark and two heavier quarks. This is sometimes called cascade of particles due to their unstable and quickly disintegrate into particles lighter through a decay chain. The first discovery of the particle Xi was at Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1964.
Discovery 1964 radiation from the cosmic microwave background
In cosmology, the cosmic microwave background CMB radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation fills the universe. The discovery of the CMB in 1964 by astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson was the culmination of work begun in the 1940s, earning them a prize Nobel in 1978.
1964 The discovery of the quark
A quark is a type of elementary particle found in nucleons and other subatomic particles. This is an important constituents of matter, along with the leptons. The quark model was first postulated independently by the physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1964.
1964 Discovery the Hepatitis B virus
The hepatitis B virus was discovered in 1965 by Baruch Blumberg, while working at the National Institutes of Health.
Discovery 1965 aspartame
Aspartame is the name of an artificial sweetener, other than saccharide ester aspartyl-phenylalanine-1-methyl, ie, a dipeptide methyl ester acidsaspartic amino acid phenylalanine. Aspartame was discovered in 1965 by James M. Schlatter, a chemist working for GD Searle & Company. Schlatter had synthesized aspartame in the course of producing a drug candidate against the ulcer.
1965 Discovery of pulsating white dwarfs
A pulsating white dwarf is a white dwarf star whose luminosity varies due to non-radial pulsations of gravity waves in itself. The first pulsating white dwarf was discovered by Arlo U. Landolt when he observed in 1965 and 1966 that the brightness of HL Tau 76 varied with a period of about 12.5 minutes.
1968 The top quark discovery
The up quark is a top quark generation with a load of + (3.2) e. The existence of quarks was first postulated when Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig developed the quark model in 1964 and the first evidence that was found in deep inelastic scattering experiments in 1968.
1968 The discovery of the down quark
The bottom quark is a top quark generation with a cargo of 13 years. It is the second lightest of all the six quarks, the quark lighter than above. Down quarks are most commonly found in the nucleons. Its proton contains a down quark and two up quarks, while neutrons contain two down quarks and an up quark. Down quarks have been theorized by Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig when they discovered the quark model in 1968.
1969 Discovery of Mosher acid
Mosher acid, or acid-methoxytrifluorophenylacetic discovered by Harry S. Mosher in 1969, is a carboxylic acid which was first used derivitizing chiral agent.
1969 Discovery of interstellar formaldehyde
interstellar formaldehyde was discovered in 1969 by Lewis Snyder, David Buhl, B. Zuckerman and Patrick Palmer with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Formaldehyde was detected by 111-110 through the ground-state transition at 4830 MHz rotation
1970 Discovery of reverse transcriptase
In biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase is an enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA. It was discovered by Howard Temin at the University of Wisconsinadison, and independently by David Baltimore in 1970 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
1974 Discovery of the J / meson
The J / is a subatomic particle, a neutral flavor meson composed of a charm quark and a charm anti-quark. Mesons consist of a bound state of a charm quark and a charm anti-quark are generally known as "charmonium. His discovery was made independently by two research groups, one at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, directed by Burton Richter, and one at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, led by Samuel Ting at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was discovered by accident that they had found the same particle, and both announced their discovery on November 11, 1974.
1974 Discovery charm quarks
The quark charm quark is a second-generation an electric charge of 23 e. It is the third largest mass of the quarks, by about 1.5 GeV/c2 and approximately one and half times the mass of the proton. It was predicted in 1964 by Sheldon Lee Glashow and James Bjorken and first observed in November 1974 with the simultaneous discovery of the J / charming inn | J / particle at the Stanford Linear Accererator Centre by a group led by Burton Richter and the Brookhaven National Laboratory by a group led by Samuel CC Ting.
1974 The discovery of binary pulsar
A pulsar binary is a pulsar with a binary companion, often another pulsar, white dwarf or neutron star. The first binary pulsar, PSR 1913 +16, or click "Hulse-Taylor binary "was discovered in 1974 at Arecibo by Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. and Russell Hulse, which won the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Leda 1974 Discovery
Leda is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Charles T. Kowal at Palomar Observatory on September 14, 1974.
1975 Discovery Themisto
Themisto is a small prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Charles T. Kowal and Elizabeth Roemer in 1975.
1976 The discovery of D mesons
D mesons are the lightest particles containing charm quarks. They are often studied to gain knowledge of the weak interaction. Since the D meson is the lightest meson containing a charm quark should change the charm quarks in another quark decay. D mesons were discovered in 1976 during experiments at the Stanford Mark I Linear Accelerator Center.
1977 The discovery of the tau lepton
The tau lepton is a negatively charged elementary particle with a length of 2.91013 s and a mass of 1,777 MeV/c2. Was detected in a series of experiments between 1974 and 1977 by Martin Lewis Perl with colleagues at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
1977 Discovery of Uranus rings
The planet Uranus has a ring system intermediate in complexity between the broader set around Saturn and the simplest systems around Jupiter and Neptune. The rings of Uranus were discovered on March 10, 1977, by James L. Elliot, Edward W. Dunham, and Douglas J. Mink. More than 200 years ago, William Herschel also reported the observation of the rings, but modern astronomers are skeptical that really knew it, they are very dark and dim.
1977 Discovery Upsilon Inn
The inn is an Upsilon meson flavor formed by a bottom quark and its antiparticle. It was discovered by the E288 collaboration, led by Leon Lederman, at Fermilab in 1977, and was the first particle containing a bottom quark to be discovered, since it is the lightest that can occur without other massive particles. It has a life average of 1.211020 seconds and a mass of about 10 GeV.
1977 The discovery of the bottom quark
The bottom quark is a third-generation quark with a charge of 13e. The quark substance was discovered by the E288 experiment at Fermilab in 1977, when the collisions produced bottomonium.
1978 The discovery of restriction endonucleases
A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts double-stranded DNA or single-stranded specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. These enzymes, found in bacteria and archaea, are thought to have evolved to offer a defense mechanism against invading viruses. In a lot of bacteria, Selective restriction enzymes cut foreign DNA in a process called restriction, host DNA is methylated by a modification enzyme to protect the activity the restriction enzyme. The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded in 1978, Daniel Nathans, Werner Arber and Hamilton Smith for the discovery of restriction endonucleases.
1978 The discovery of Charon
Charon, discovered by James W. Christy June 22, 1978, while working at the U.S. Naval Observatory is the largest moon the dwarf planet Pluto.
1979 The discovery of Metis
Metis is the innermost moon of Jupiter. It was discovered in 1979 by Stephen Synnott in images taken by Voyager 1.
1979 Discovery of Thebe
Thebe is the fourth of the moons of Jupiter by the distance of the planet. It was discovered by Stephen Synnott in images Voyager 1 space probe taken on March 5, 1979, while in orbit around Jupiter.
1979 The discovery of Jupiter's rings
The planet Jupiter has a ring system, known as Jupiter's rings or Jupiter's ring system. It was the third ring of the system to be discovered in the solar system, after of Saturn and Uranus and was first observed in 1979 by the Voyager 1 spacecraft.
1980 Pandora Discovery
Pandora is a natural satellite of Saturn. Was discovered in 1980 from images taken by Voyager 1, and was provisionally designated S/1980 S 26.
1980 Discovery of Prometheus
Prometheus is a satellite Saturn's natural, it was discovered in 1980 from images taken by Voyager 1. It was provisionally designated S/1980 S 27.
Discovery Atlas 1980
Atlas is a moon of Saturn that was discovered by Richard Terrile in 1980 from Voyager photos and was designated S/1980 S 28.
1981 Larissa Discovery
Larissa, also known as Neptune VII, is the fifth nearest natural satellite of Neptune. It was first discovered by Harold J. Reitsema, William B. Hubbard, Larry A. Lebofsky and David J. Based Tholen fortuitous stellar occultation in the ground-based observations on May 24, 1981, and received the provisional designation S/1981 N 1, was announced on May 29, 1981.
1985 The discovery of Puck
Puck is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered in December 1985 by the Voyager 2 spacecraft.
1986 Portia Discovery
Porcia is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered in images taken by Voyager 2 on January 3, 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 1.
1986 Discovery Juliet
Juliet is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 on January 3, 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 2.
1986 Cressida Discovery
Cressida is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 9, 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 3.
1986 Rosalind Discovery
Rosalind is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 13, 1986 and received the temporary designation S/1986 U 4.
Belinda Discovery 1986
Belinda is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by images taken by Voyager 2 on January 13, 1986 and received the temporary designation S/1986 U 5.
1986 Discovery of Desdemona
Desdemona is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 13, 1986 and received the temporary designation S/1986 U 6.
1986 Discovery Cordelia
Cordelia is the natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 20, 1986 and received the temporary designation S/1986 U 7.
Ofelia Discovery 1986
Ophelia is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 20, 1986 and received the temporary designation S/1986 U 8.
1986 Bianca Discovery
Bianca is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by the images taken by Voyager 2 January 23, 1986 and received the temporary designation S/1986 U 9.
1989 Discovery of Neptune's rings
Neptune's rings were discovered in 1989 by Voyager 2 spacecraft.
Proteus 1989 Discovery
Proteus, also known as Neptune VIII, is more natural satellite of Neptune. Proteus was discovered from from images taken by Voyager 2 during the flyby of Neptune in 1989.
Despina Discovery 1989
Despina, also known as Neptune V, is the third nearest natural satellite of Neptune. Despina was discovered in late July 1989 from images taken by Voyager 2. It was given the provisional designation S/1989 N 3.
Discovery of Galatea 1989
Galatea, also known as Neptune VI, is the fourth nearest natural satellite of Neptune. Galatea was discovered late July 1989 from images taken by Voyager 2. It was given the provisional designation S/1989 N 4.
Thalassa 1989 Discovery
Thalassa, also known as Neptune IV, is the second natural satellite of Neptune. It was discovered sometime before mid-September 1989 images taken by Voyager 2. It was given the Provisional designation S/1989 N 5.
1989 Discovery Naiad
Naiad, also known as Neptune III, is the natural satellite of Neptune. It was discovered sometime before mid-September 1989 images taken by Voyager 2. The moon last to be discovered during the flyby, it was designated S/1989 N 6.
1995 The discovery of the top quark
The top quark is the third generation of up-type quarks with a charge of + (2.3) e. It was discovered in 1995 by the CDF and D0 experiments at Fermilab and is the most massive known elementary particles.
1995 discovery of Comet Hale-Bopp
Comet Hale-Bopp was undoubtedly the most widely observed comet of the century XX, and one of the brightest seen for many decades and which was visible to the naked eye for a record of 18 months when he passed near the planet Earth. Hale-Bopp was discovered by Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp on July 23, 1995 at a great distance from the Sun, suggesting that the comet would brighten considerably by the time he spent close to Earth. Although predicting the brightness of comets with any degree of accuracy is very difficult, Hale-Bopp met or exceeded most forecasts as it passed through its perihelion on April 1, 1997.
1998 Discovery of the embryonic stem cell line
A breakthrough in embryonic stem cell research came in November 1998 when a group led by Dr. James Thomson of the University of Wisconsinadison first discovered a technique for isolating and culturing cells derived from blastocysts humans could one day lead to medical breakthroughs in organ transplantation and gene therapy and treatment of diseases such as paralysis, diabetes, cancer and AIDS.
2001 Discovery of interstellar vinyl alcohol
Between May and June 2001, astronomers and Barry Turner AJ found Apponi vinyl alcohol in the molecular cloud Sagittarius B with 12 meters from the National Science Foundation's radio telescope at the Kitt Peak National Observatory.
2003 Discovery Psamathe
Psamathe, also known as Neptune X, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Neptune. Psamathe was discovered by Scott S. Sheppard and David C. Jewitt in 2003.
2003 Discovery Mab
Mab is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by Mark R. Showalter and Jack J. Lissauer in 2003 using the Hubble Space Telescope.
2003 Discovery Perdita
Perdita is a natural satellite of Uranus. Perdita discovery was complicated. The first pictures of Perdita were taken by the spacecraft Voyager 2 in 1986, but was not recognized in the photographs for more than a decade. In 1999, the moon was seen by Erich Karkoschka and informed. But because there new images that could be taken to confirm its existence, which was officially downgraded in 2001. However, in 2003, images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope managed to collect an object that Perdita was supposed to in order to confirm its existence.
Cupid's 2003 Discovery
Cupid is a natural satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by Mark Showalter and Jack J. Lissauer in 2003 using the Hubble Space Telescope.
2005 Discovery of Hydra
Hydra is the outer-most natural satellite of Pluto. It was found, along with Nix in June 2005 by Pluto Hubble Space Telescope to search team, composed Hal Weaver, of A., Alan Stern, Max J. Mutchler, Andrew J. Steffl, Marc W. Buie, William J. Merline, John R. Spencer, F. Eliot Young, Leslie A. Young.
2005 Discovery Nix
Nix is a natural satellite of Pluto. It was found, along with Hydra in June 2005 by Pluto Hubble Space Telescope to search team, composed by Hal Weaver, A., S. Alan Stern, Max J. Mutchler, Andrew J. Steffl, Marc W. Buie, William J. Merline, John R. Spencer, F. Eliot Young, Leslie A. Young.
2007 Discovery of the human genome mapping and variation
The human genome is the genome of Homo sapiens, which is stored in 23 pairs of chromosomes. Whereas genome sequence of the order of the lists of all DNA bases in a genome, a genome map identifies points of reference. A genome map is less detailed than a sequence of the genome and aid in navigation of the entire genome. While working at the Institute National Health Service, Craig Venter discovered a technique for rapid identification of all mRNA present in a cell and began to use it to identify genes the human brain. The short cDNA sequence fragments discovered by this method are called expressed sequence tags. Through their scientific research to bring the world one step closer to personalized medicine, Craig Venter was listed in Time magazine in 2007 and 2008 Time 100 list of most influential people in the world.
2007 Discovery of the di-positronium
Di-positronium is a molecule composed of two atoms of positronium. Is predicted to exist in 1946 by John Archibald Wheeler, and then studied in theory but not observed until 2007 in an experiment conducted by David Cassidy and Allen Mills at the University of California, Riverside.
See also
List of African American inventors and scientists
NASA division
National Inventors Hall of Fame
Science and technology in the United States
Technological and industrial history of the United States
Timeline of inventions States
United States Patent Office and Trademark
Yankee ingenuity
Footnotes
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^ "The first detection of the neutrino by Frederick Reines and Clyde Cowan." University of California at Irvine. Http: / / www.ps.uci.edu / physics / news / nuexpt.html.
^ "Scientists celebrate 50 years since key RNA discovery." Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2007/rna-history.html.
^ "The Van Allen belt." NASA. http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/970228a.html.
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^ "Seafloor." Encyclopedia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/530828/seafloor-spreading-hypothesis.
^ "The interaction of the eta-meson with light nuclei. University of South Africa. http://etd.unisa.ac.za/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04212006-152252/unrestricted/dissertation.pdf.
^ The baryon Xi
^ "The fighting talk on the front line. "The Daily Telegraph 4. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/connected/main.jhtml?xml=/connected/2000/10/19/ecfqark19.xml.
^ "Desert Island Discs." BBC Radio 4. http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/desertislanddiscs_20030119.shtml.
^ "History." Service Aspartame Information. http://www.aspartame.net/Aspartame_history.asp.
^ "A new short period variable Blue." Harvard University. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1968ApJ…153..151L.
^ "Two Teachers Share Nobel Physics 1990." Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/tt/1990/oct24/nobelsmain.html.
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^ "A versatile reagent for the determination of enantiomeric composition of alcohols and amines. "Journal of Organic Chemistry. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jo01261a013.
^ "EVENTS IN SCIENCE AND MATH." Ohio State University. Http: / / www.physics.ohio-state.edu/ Wilkins ~ / science / sciehist.html.
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