Npn Transistors

What would happen if I hooked up an NPN transistor backwards?

If the base were still the base but the collector and emitter were backwards? Thanks

it will work, but in a very limited way.

HFE will be in the 1-2 region instead of 100-200.

Breakdown voltage will be about 5 volts instead of 30-50 volts.

But the offset voltage (VCE or VEC) will be very low, less than 1 mV, which is why this connection is sometimes used.

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Transistor function: –
Transistor is the cornerstone of any computer that was invented at Bell Labs in 1947. The transistor is a small electronic equipment used in everything from his digital watch digital to supercomputers. Therefore, I think some standing of how the transistors is necessary. To begin a need to know a little about semiconductors. These are in a class of materials which act as conductors or insulators depending on specific conditions. Silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide are the most commonly used semiconductor may be of two types. A type N, which has an "excess" electron-and p-type material, which is deficient in electrons. The N or P impurity is determined by a "" element that adds to a pure semiconductor, the resulting material is N-type and if it has fewer electrons, yields a P-type material.
The simplest semiconductor device is a diode, which is formed when a P-type and substrate material N-type meet, next to each other. The electron-type N fill the gaps (called "holes") in the P-type layer leaving a neutral at the junction that leads out. This "barrier" is more to come by applying a small positive voltage to the diode. When the voltage is removed, the barrier is recreated, making the device can not perform similarly when a negative voltage is applied, the device does not perform.
The transistor is a very simplistic, it can be considered as two diodes are joined back to back. Therefore, you can have two types of PN and PNP transistors. Both configurations can be used in products; NPN is typically chosen for their explanation. The three blocks that make up a transistor are emitter, base, and collector. The emitter and collector are made of the same type of semiconductor, but are not interchangeable links, its width and the way in which products are different.

When the blocks come together. Two barriers are formed between the emitter and base, and between the base and collector. Typical transistor operation is that the emitter-base "polarized" – this means that the positive battery is connected to the base, which is P-type, and the negative battery terminal connects to the emitter, which is N-type. This ensures that eliminates the barrier between these two terminals. Similarly, the base collector junction is "reverse bias". Now, the electrons are pushed from the transmitter at the base. The collector has a positive voltage applied to what is called the lead (negative charge) electrons reaching the base from the emitter are drawn into the collector. Which leads to a flow of corrent on the device? The device is now in the state. When voltage is applied to the emitter-base junction is removed or reversed polarity. The barrier in the base-emitter junctions "reappears and stops the current flow. The transistor is now in shutdown state.

The switch action is more important is the ability of a transistor that is used in digital circuits such as computers. Computer work by treating all data as a series of 1s and operating system, or inside and outside the States. Transistor complex calculations are made on the basis of a long series of 0s and 1s: a 32-bit CPU can add, subtract, and perform various functions on the data contained a total of 32 0s and 1s. for every 0 and 1 that needs to be stored or operated on a CPU, a transistor is needed. to store two 64-bit numbers, a total of 128 transistors that are required is only to store the number in the calculation: for each operation, such as multiplication or comparison, it takes a thousand or more transistors. CPUs today have million transistors to perform the calculations that thousands of games, video editing. And so in the work for us. All these millions of transistors are basically working in a mode-change in an envelope or a low state at any given time.

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