Circuit Diagram

circuit diagram?

circuit of diagram?
consider the diagram above sorry its the best i could do. i got this question wrong
calculate and show workking out :
1)the current drawn from the battery?
2)current in ech of thr four resistors ?

There has got to be a better way of showing a diagram!

OK. Work out the value (call it R) of a single resistor which would have the same effect as the 4 ohm and 12 ohm resistors which are in parallel.

1/R = 1/4 + 1/12

R = 3 ohms

So now we have 6 ohms, 3 ohms and 5 ohms all in series
(6 + 3 + 5 = 14 ohms)

across a 28v supply

From ohm’s law current = voltage/resistance

Current drawn from battery = 28/14 = 2 Amps

That’s part 1 done.

The 6 ohm resistor has 2 amps going through it.

Ohm’s law again. voltage = current * resistance
p.d. = 2 * 6 = 12 volts.

The 5 ohm also has 2 amps going through it.
p.d.= 2 * 5 = 10 volts.

So you have 12v across the six ohm, 10v across the five ohm and 28v across the whole lot.

The p.d. across the parallel 4 and 12 ohm resistors
=28 – 12 – 10 = 6 volts

Current through the 12 ohm resistor = 6v/12ohms = 0.5Amp
Current through the 4 ohm resistor = 6v/4ohms = 1.5Amp

That looks OK doesn’t it? The current through the two parallel resistors has got to add up to 2A

One Amp = 1 Coulomb per second. Therefore in 60 seconds the 4 ohm resistor will pass 1.5C/sec * 60 s = 90C

12 ohm resistor has 6 volts across it and 0.5A through it so it is dissipating 6 * 0.5 Watts = 3 W

(I just used power = volts * amps. I could have used P = V^2/R or P = I^2 * R I’d still get 3W)

3W is 3 Joules per second, so in 1 minute it develop
3 J/s * 60s = 180Joules of heat energy.

The battery is supplying 2A at 28v

Power = 2 * 28 = 56Watts.

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The connections on the PCB should be identical to the circuit diagram, but while the circuit diagram manages to be readable, the layout of the PCB is ready to be functional. Rarely is a visible correlation between the circuit diagram and design.

Circuit printed design can be performed manually (using CAD) or in combination with an auto-router. The best results are usually reached yet by using least some manual routing, simply because the design engineer has a resolution much better how to arrange the circuits. Surprisingly, many self-routing Meetings are often completely illogical in the ducts of track. The program is optimized connections and sacrificed any small amount of orders that have been launched by manual routing. In general, auto-routing boards are a bit more difficult for a technician to repair or cleaning, for this reason. Historically, PCB Used to be determined by the design staff in the use of paper forms in the Mylar film – which was really manual routing!

The DAC href = "http://www.pcb-solutions.com"> design printed circuit board consists of several layers. For example, often the color layers and compressed in a superposition of the image. When laying out boards, it's usually best to try to use the actual size plots at some point during the process of design. Most printed overlays need to be enlarged to show detail, but an impression of size, with mounting holes and possibly cuts, is a verification tool. The printing itself can be placed within the royal box, you can see how it will be positioned relative to other parties. You can also place the components against the pad like an idiot makes quick check of the dimensions.

The width of the tracks is a trade-off Based on the current flow, available space, the size of the pieces, and electromagnetic interference. The track is a similar trade-off and also includes that dodge to one side of the board to the other to avoid an obstacle, but in general usually aims to find the shortest path between points regularly connected. Given impedance, sensitivity and the signal on the tracks, the loop area is another dilemma that is considered as the product of design.

These days most of the circuit boards are automatically assembled and tested, but people still install and repair them. Having a quality design can make all the difference between a product that is pleasant to work and one who hate you. Test points, the machine, ATE (Automated Test Equipment) test bed of nails, they only have to be friction pads or lands. Some evidence points, however, they are really intended to test engineering or modification – for these are can put on the label, circled pads.

A total silkscreen overlay identification only make a better product. The silkscreen contains important information that helps people to service and install the product. Apart from the printed circuit board functionality, the overlap is the main distinguishing feature between an integrated product, and a general purpose controller or PLC preparations.

Dense surface mount boards, you should stop component values and sometimes omit the designators of the components. First try to release the size of letters – small text is better than any text. The screen printing is the main method for labeling connectors, spare parts, guidance, and even installation notes. Can also be used as a backup to the production notes, although manufacturers tend to put these notes in the BOM.

Airborn Electronics. "The printed circuit board (PCB) Presentation." September 15, 2009 [http://www.airborn.com.au/method/layout.html].

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